Roofers, roof tilers and slaters

SOC 2020 code 5314

Roofers, roof tilers and slaters cover roofs and exterior walls with felting, sheeting, slates, tiles and thatch to provide a waterproof surface.

Employees (UK)
12k
Median annual pay
£30,961
Exposure score ?
0.0/10 Minimal 0.8/10 Minimal strict reading · with tools is 0.8/10 with-tools reading · strict is 0.0/10
Wage exposure
£0 £0

Higher exposure than 6% of the 379 UK occupations we scored.

Reading the score as:
What an LLM can do unaided. LLM plus workflow tools — closer to 2026.

What this score means

Most of this role's work is still genuinely hard for AI to do. Physical presence, bodily skill, high-context judgment, direct human care - the things that don't translate to text.

If you're in this role, here's what to do now

You're not in the firing line today. But the frontier moves. Build enough AI fluency now that you can direct it for the parts of your work that could benefit. People in unexposed roles who understand AI become unusually valuable inside their organisations.

Most of this role's work is still genuinely hard for AI to do. Physical presence, bodily skill, high-context judgment, direct human care - the things that don't translate to text.

If you're in this role, here's what to do now

You're not in the firing line today. But the frontier moves. Build enough AI fluency now that you can direct it for the parts of your work that could benefit. People in unexposed roles who understand AI become unusually valuable inside their organisations.

Where a project with Alex usually starts for this role

This role's strict reading is low because its top tasks are judgment, not drafting. The three highest-stakes tasks below are still usually where we start — flip the toggle to 'With tools' to see what AI plus the right context can compress.

  1. Inspect problem roofs to determine the best repair procedures.

    O*NET importance 4.6/5 · still needs a human under the strict reading

  2. Remove snow, water, or debris from roofs prior to applying roofing materials.

    O*NET importance 4.2/5 · still needs a human under the strict reading

  3. Set up scaffolding to provide safe access to roofs.

    O*NET importance 4.2/5 · still needs a human under the strict reading

Most roles have at least three wedges where AI plus the right tools removes real time. For this role the labelling doesn't surface obvious ones, so we'd start with the highest-stakes tasks below and figure out the AI angle in conversation.

  1. Inspect problem roofs to determine the best repair procedures.

    O*NET importance 4.6/5 · AI can do this with workflow tools

  2. Remove snow, water, or debris from roofs prior to applying roofing materials.

    O*NET importance 4.2/5 · genuinely human work

  3. Set up scaffolding to provide safe access to roofs.

    O*NET importance 4.2/5 · genuinely human work

Every role has three or four wedges like these. Finding them takes an hour. Turning them into a workflow your team actually uses takes a few days. Talk to Alex about a project →

The full task breakdown

Every O*NET task for this occupation, split by what AI can already do unaided versus what still needs a human. Importance is O*NET's 1–5 rating of how central each task is to the role.

What AI can already do

0 of 27 tasks · unaided

No tasks here are labelled as something an LLM can do unaided. Switch to 'With tools' above to see what changes when AI is paired with the right context.

Where humans still hold the line

27 of 27 tasks

  1. Inspect problem roofs to determine the best repair procedures.

    importance 4.6/5

  2. Remove snow, water, or debris from roofs prior to applying roofing materials.

    importance 4.2/5

  3. Set up scaffolding to provide safe access to roofs.

    importance 4.2/5

  4. Estimate materials and labor required to complete roofing jobs.

    importance 4.2/5

  5. Cement or nail flashing strips of metal or shingle over joints to make them watertight.

    importance 4.1/5

  6. Install partially overlapping layers of material over roof insulation surfaces, using chalk lines, gauges on shingling hatchets, or lines on shingles.

    importance 4.1/5

  7. Cut felt, shingles, or strips of flashing to fit angles formed by walls, vents, or intersecting roof surfaces.

    importance 4.1/5

  8. Apply plastic coatings, membranes, fiberglass, or felt over sloped roofs before applying shingles.

    importance 4.1/5

  9. Install, repair, or replace single-ply roofing systems, using waterproof sheet materials such as modified plastics, elastomeric, or other asphaltic compositions.

    importance 4.0/5

  10. Attach roofing paper to roofs in overlapping strips to form bases for other materials.

    importance 4.0/5

  11. Cover roofs or exterior walls of structures with slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, gravel, gypsum, or related materials, using brushes, knives, punches, hammers, or other tools.

    importance 4.0/5

  12. Waterproof or damp-proof walls, floors, roofs, foundations, or basements by painting or spraying surfaces with waterproof coatings or by attaching waterproofing membranes to surfaces.

    importance 4.0/5

  13. Apply reflective roof coatings, such as special paints or single-ply roofing sheets, to existing roofs to reduce solar heat absorption.

    importance 4.0/5

  14. Apply alternate layers of hot asphalt or tar and roofing paper to roofs.

    importance 4.0/5

  15. Install vapor barriers or layers of insulation on flat roofs.

    importance 4.0/5

  16. Cover exposed nailheads with roofing cement or caulking to prevent water leakage or rust.

    importance 3.9/5

  17. Smooth rough spots to prepare surfaces for waterproofing, using hammers, chisels, or rubbing bricks.

    importance 3.8/5

  18. Glaze top layers to make a smooth finish or embed gravel in the bitumen for rough surfaces.

    importance 3.8/5

  19. Mop or pour hot asphalt or tar onto roof bases.

    importance 3.7/5

  20. Install attic ventilation systems, such as turbine vents, gable or ridge vents, or conventional or solar-powered exhaust fans.

    importance 3.7/5

  21. Install skylights on roofs to increase natural light inside structures or to reduce energy costs.

    importance 3.6/5

  22. Spray roofs, sidings, or walls to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures, using spray guns, air compressors, or heaters.

    importance 3.6/5

  23. Apply gravel or pebbles over top layers of roofs, using rakes or stiff-bristled brooms.

    importance 3.6/5

  24. Attach solar panels to existing roofs, according to specifications and without damaging roofing materials or the structural integrity of buildings.

    importance 3.4/5

  25. Punch holes in slate, tile, terra cotta, or wooden shingles, using punches and hammers.

    importance 3.4/5

  26. Apply modular soil- and plant-containing grids over existing roof membranes to create green roofs.

    importance 3.3/5

  27. Install layers of vegetation-based green roofs, including protective membranes, drainage, aeration, water retention and filter layers, soil substrates, irrigation materials, and plants.

    importance 3.3/5

What AI can already do

2 of 27 tasks · with tools

  1. Inspect problem roofs to determine the best repair procedures.

    importance 4.6/5

  2. Estimate materials and labor required to complete roofing jobs.

    importance 4.2/5

Where humans still hold the line

25 of 27 tasks

  1. Remove snow, water, or debris from roofs prior to applying roofing materials.

    importance 4.2/5

  2. Set up scaffolding to provide safe access to roofs.

    importance 4.2/5

  3. Cement or nail flashing strips of metal or shingle over joints to make them watertight.

    importance 4.1/5

  4. Install partially overlapping layers of material over roof insulation surfaces, using chalk lines, gauges on shingling hatchets, or lines on shingles.

    importance 4.1/5

  5. Cut felt, shingles, or strips of flashing to fit angles formed by walls, vents, or intersecting roof surfaces.

    importance 4.1/5

  6. Apply plastic coatings, membranes, fiberglass, or felt over sloped roofs before applying shingles.

    importance 4.1/5

  7. Install, repair, or replace single-ply roofing systems, using waterproof sheet materials such as modified plastics, elastomeric, or other asphaltic compositions.

    importance 4.0/5

  8. Attach roofing paper to roofs in overlapping strips to form bases for other materials.

    importance 4.0/5

  9. Cover roofs or exterior walls of structures with slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, gravel, gypsum, or related materials, using brushes, knives, punches, hammers, or other tools.

    importance 4.0/5

  10. Waterproof or damp-proof walls, floors, roofs, foundations, or basements by painting or spraying surfaces with waterproof coatings or by attaching waterproofing membranes to surfaces.

    importance 4.0/5

  11. Apply reflective roof coatings, such as special paints or single-ply roofing sheets, to existing roofs to reduce solar heat absorption.

    importance 4.0/5

  12. Apply alternate layers of hot asphalt or tar and roofing paper to roofs.

    importance 4.0/5

  13. Install vapor barriers or layers of insulation on flat roofs.

    importance 4.0/5

  14. Cover exposed nailheads with roofing cement or caulking to prevent water leakage or rust.

    importance 3.9/5

  15. Smooth rough spots to prepare surfaces for waterproofing, using hammers, chisels, or rubbing bricks.

    importance 3.8/5

  16. Glaze top layers to make a smooth finish or embed gravel in the bitumen for rough surfaces.

    importance 3.8/5

  17. Mop or pour hot asphalt or tar onto roof bases.

    importance 3.7/5

  18. Install attic ventilation systems, such as turbine vents, gable or ridge vents, or conventional or solar-powered exhaust fans.

    importance 3.7/5

  19. Install skylights on roofs to increase natural light inside structures or to reduce energy costs.

    importance 3.6/5

  20. Spray roofs, sidings, or walls to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures, using spray guns, air compressors, or heaters.

    importance 3.6/5

  21. Apply gravel or pebbles over top layers of roofs, using rakes or stiff-bristled brooms.

    importance 3.6/5

  22. Attach solar panels to existing roofs, according to specifications and without damaging roofing materials or the structural integrity of buildings.

    importance 3.4/5

  23. Punch holes in slate, tile, terra cotta, or wooden shingles, using punches and hammers.

    importance 3.4/5

  24. Apply modular soil- and plant-containing grids over existing roof membranes to create green roofs.

    importance 3.3/5

  25. Install layers of vegetation-based green roofs, including protective membranes, drainage, aeration, water retention and filter layers, soil substrates, irrigation materials, and plants.

    importance 3.3/5

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Methodology

This role's exposure score comes from Eloundou et al's 2023 GPT task labels, aggregated by O*NET importance within each O*NET-SOC code, then bridged to UK SOC 2020 via ISCO-08 (ONS Vol 2 coding index) and US SOC 2010 (BLS crosswalk). Employment and median pay come from ONS ASHE Table 14.7a, 2025 provisional. ASHE covers employees only, so self-employed workers are not counted.

Methodology · Sources (PDF) · About · Built 29 April 2026

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